SIDC Weekly Bulletin
Review of past solar and geomagnetic activity.Source | SIDC (RWC-Belgium) |
Frequency | Weekly |
Format | Plain text |
Mail header | SIDC Weekly Bulletin |
SIDC code | bul |
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:Issued: 2024 Mar 29 1322 UTC :Product: documentation at http://www.sidc.be/products/bul #--------------------------------------------------------------------# # SIDC Weekly bulletin on Solar and Geomagnetic activity # #--------------------------------------------------------------------# WEEK 1212 from 2024 Mar 18 Solar Active Regions (ARs) and flares --------------- Solar flaring activity reached very high levels on 23 Mar as an X1.1 flare was registered at 01:33 UTC. It also reached high levels on 20 Mar as an M7 was detected at 07:36 UTC and on 24 Mar as nine M-class flares were observed. The remaining days of the past week the flaring activity was at moderate levels. In total 1 X-class flare and 25 M-class flares were registered in the past week. NOAA Active Region (AR) 3614 (magnetic configuration Beta, Catania sunspot group 21) produced the X-class flare and only an M-class flare, an M1 on 18 Mar. Most of the M-class flaring activity was registered from NOAA 3615 (first with magnetic configuration Beta-Gamma and then Beta-Gamma-Delta, Catania sunspot group 22), including an M7 flare on 20/3 07:36 UTC. Coronal mass ejections --------------------- A halo Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) was registered in LASCO-C2/SOHO images on 23 Mar. It was associated with the X1.1 flare of the day from NOAA AR 3614. The ejecta was exceptionally fast and arrived on Earth's environment on 24 Mar. Coronal Holes --------------------- A Coronal Hole (CH) with negative polarity crossed the solar central meridian on 21 Mar. Proton flux levels --------------------- A major proton event took place starting from 23 Mar to the end of the week. The greater than 10 MeV proton flux started increasing at 23 Mar 04:00 UTC and crossed the 10 pfu alert threshold level at 08:25 UTC the same day. It became a major event when it crossed the 100 pfu threshold level later that day at 14:10 UTC. It peaked twice, the first time at 23 Mar 18:25 UTC at 870 pfu and the second time at 24 Mar 12:25 UTC at 880 pfu, as measured by GOES 16. The flux dropped below the 100 pfu level at 24 Mar 19:45, but remain above the 10 pfu threshold for the rest of the past week. Electron fluxes at GEO --------------------- The greater than 2 MeV electron flux, as measured by the GOES-16 satellite, was bellow the 1000 pfu threshold throughout the past week. The 24h electron fluence was at nominal levels during the same period. Solar wind --------------------- On 18 Mar the Solar Wind conditions registered a short-lived disturbance that was either due to a stealth CME or a compression region caused by a faster stream on the process of compressing a slower stream ahead of it. The SW speed increased from 300 km/s to 400 km/s, the total interplanetary magnetic field (Bt) varied between 2 nT and 11 nT, and its North-South component (Bz) fluctuated between -11 nT and 5 nT. The interplanetary magnetic field phi angle was directed both towards and away from the Sun during the disturbance. The conditions returned to the slow SW regime the next day only to be excited again with the arrival of a CME on 21 Mar that lasted until 22 Mar 17:30 UTC. The SW speed increased again from 300 km/s to 400 km/s, Bt varied between 1 nT and 15 nT, and Bz fluctuated between -12 nT and 11 nT. The interplanetary magnetic field phi angle was directed both towards and away from the Sun during the same period. A High Speed Stream (HSS), associated with the CH crossing of the 21 Mar, arrived later the same day (22 Mar 23:00 UTC). It caused the SW speed to increase to 500 km/s, while Bt was constant at 10 nT and Bz at 5 nT. The interplanetary magnetic field phi angle was directed away from the Sun during the event. A fast forward shock ahead of the halo CME of 23 Mar reached the Earth's environment at 24 Mar 14:11 UTC. The solar wind speed jumped from 628 km/s to 821 km/s and the Bt jumped from 11 nT to 17 nT and started to fluctuate reaching a maximum value of 34 nT at 24 Mar 16:05 UTC. Initially, between 14:30 and 15:50 UTC, the Bz component was mostly negative with a minimum value of -27 nT and then from 15:50 UTC turned mostly positive. The Bt started to decrease slowly from 31 nT at 19:30 UTC. After the initial shock, the solar wind speed increased further and reached a maximum value of 880 km/s at 24 Mar 18:21 UTC and remained above 800 km/s for the rest of the day. Geomagnetism --------------------- At the start of the past week, geomagnetic conditions were globally and locally quiet to unsettled (NOAA Kp 0+ to 3+ and K BEL 1 to 3) until the arrival of the CME of 21 Mar. Minor storm conditions were registered globally (NOAA Kp 5 at 12:00-18:00 UTC and Kp 5- at 18:00-21:00 UTC) as a result, but during the same period the local conditions only reached active to unsettled levels (K BEL 4 at 12:00-18:00 UTC and at 21:00-24:00 UTC). The conditions went back to quiet to unsettled levels globally (NOAA Kp 1+ to 3-) from 22 Mar 03:00 UTC to 23 Mar 03:00 UTC, while locally the quiet to unsettled levels (K BEL 1 to 3) lasted from 22 Mar 00:00 UTC to 23 Mar 12:00 UTC. A new period of globally minor storm conditions started at 23 Mar 03:00 UTC (NOAA Kp 5 03:00-06:00 UTC, 5- 06:00-09:00 UTC and 18:00-21:00 UTC) that reached the moderate storm level (NOAA Kp 6-) at 21:00-24:00 UTC and dropped to minor storm (NOAA Kp 5-) at 24 Mar 00:00-03:00 UTC. Locally minor storm conditions (K BEL 5) where only observed that day during the 18:00-24:00 UTC period. The arrival of the fast halo CME on 24 Mar caused a further major increase to the geomagnetic conditions. At the global level, moderate storm conditions were first registered (NOAA Kp 6 at 12:00-15:00 UTC), which increased to the severe storm level (NOAA Kp 8) for a short period (15:00-18:00 UTC) as they fast subsided to moderate storm (NOAA Kp 6+) at 18:00-21:00 UTC and active levels (NOAA Kp 4) at 21:00-24:00 UTC. At the local level, minor storm conditions (K BEL 5) were recorded at 12:00-15:00 UTC, that were increased to major storm (K BEL 7) at 15:00-18:00 and then were reduced to minor storm conditions (K BEL 5) at 18:00-21:00 UTC. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DAILY INDICES DATE RC EISN 10CM Ak BKG M X 2024 Mar 18 147 123 177 005 C1.3 3 0 2024 Mar 19 168 135 169 008 C1.3 2 0 2024 Mar 20 147 126 176 006 C1.4 2 0 2024 Mar 21 219 166 197 022 C1.7 0 0 2024 Mar 22 /// 160 198 012 C2.2 2 0 2024 Mar 23 /// 159 209 033 C4.3 13 1 2024 Mar 24 /// 166 195 062 C2.7 9 0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RC : Sunspot index (Wolf Number) from Catania Observatory (Italy) # EISN : Estimated International Sunspot Number # 10cm : 10.7 cm radioflux (DRAO, Canada) # Ak : Ak Index Wingst (Germany) # BKG : Background GOES X-ray level (NOAA, USA) # M,X : Number of X-ray flares in M and X class, see below (NOAA, USA) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTICEABLE EVENTS SUMMARY DAY BEGIN MAX END LOC XRAY OP 10CM Catania/NOAA RADIO_BURST_TYPES 18 0321 0332 0345 ////// M2.7 15/3612 III/1 18 0406 0414 0424 ////// M1.0 21/3614 18 1902 1919 1928 ////// M6.7 ///3615 19 0224 0229 0238 ////// M1.4 22/3615 19 2317 2327 2332 S16E57 M2.1 SN 22/3615 20 0723 0736 0747 S10E51 M7.4 3B 22/3615 20 2246 2255 2300 ////// M1.9 22/3615 22 2018 2032 2045 S13E22 M4.2 2B 22/3615 22 2120 2122 2125 S14E18 M1.1 SN 22/3615 23 0058 0133 0221 N27E08 X1.1 2F 21/3614 VI/2CTM/1II/2 23 0647 0655 0659 S13E04 M1.1 SF 22/3615 23 0701 0709 0726 ////// M2.4 22/3615 23 0726 0738 0747 ////// M3.1 22/3615 23 1122 1129 1136 S15E10 M1.0 SF 22/3615 CTM/1 23 1236 1247 1256 S15E09 M1.3 1B 22/3615 23 1304 1311 1320 ////// M1.1 22/3615 23 1331 1337 1344 ////// M1.9 22/3615 III/2 23 1351 1402 1415 ////// M5.3 22/3615 23 1449 1453 1458 ////// M1.5 22/3615 23 1501 1513 1517 ////// M3.8 22/3615 23 1517 1522 1527 ////// M3.7 /////// 23 1622 1651 1707 ////// M2.8 22/3615 23 2330 2349 0003 S12E01 M2.4 2N 22/3615 24 0112 0125 0130 ////// M1.4 22/3615 24 0143 0154 0157 S14W00 M2.1 2N 22/3615 24 0157 0205 0209 ////// M2.3 22/3615 CTM/1 24 0209 0218 0229 ////// M2.7 22/3615 24 0559 0606 0610 S14W03 M2.2 1B 22/3615 24 0736 0751 0806 S14W03 M1.3 2N 22/3615 III/1 24 1210 1218 1222 S14W05 M1.1 1N 22/3615 24 1227 1234 1239 S13W07 M1.0 SF 22/3615 24 1300 1313 1328 ////// M1.2 22/3615 CTM/1 #--------------------------------------------------------------------# # Solar Influences Data analysis Center - RWC Belgium # # Royal Observatory of Belgium # # # # Website http://www.sidc.be. # # E-mail sidc-support@oma.be # # To unsubscribe http://www.sidc.be/registration/unsub.php # # # # Legal notices: # # - Intellectual Property Rights: # # http://www.astro.oma.be/common/internet/en/data-policy-en.pdf # # - Liability Disclaimer: # # http://www.astro.oma.be/common/internet/en/disclaimer-en.pdf # # - Use and processing of your personal information: # # http://www.astro.oma.be/common/internet/en/privacy-policy-en.pdf # #--------------------------------------------------------------------#
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This report is sent once a week, typically on a monday.The weekly bulletin gives an overview of solar and geomagnetic activity of the past week and includes a noticeable solar events list.
Check the ISES code book for information on ISES codes.