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Observations

Space Based Imaging

More data: SWAP, EUI

Ground Based Imaging

More: H-α, WL, Ca-IIK, Drawings

Ground Based Radio

More: ARCAS+HSRS, CALLISTO

Space Based Timelines

More data: LYRA, TSI

WDC Sunspot Index

More data: SILSO

Space Weather Services

Detections

Solar Map

Latest Alerts

Presto 2024-10-13

A partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME) was detected in LASCO/C2 and LASCO/C3 coronagraph imagery around 01:20 UTC on October 13. It is probably associated with eruptive activity beyond the west limb. Preliminary analysis suggests that it does not have an Earth-directed component. Further analysis is ongoing and will be reported in the daily bulletin.

Flaremail 2024-10-09

A class M7.6 solar X-ray flare occurred on 2024/10/09 with peak time 23:12UT

CACTus Halo 2024-10-10

A halo or partial-halo CME was detected with the following characteristics: t0 | dt0| pa | da | v | dv | minv| maxv| 2024-10-09T02:36:07.522 | 0.9997222222222223 | 54 | 174 | 315 | 155 | 99 | 762 t0: onset time, earliest indication of liftoff dt0: duration of liftoff (hours) pa: principal angle, counterclockwise from North (degrees) da: angular width of the CME (degrees), v: median velocity (km/s) dv: variation (1 sigma) of velocity over the width of the CME mindv: lowest velocity detected within the CME maxdv: highest velocity detected within the CME

Forecasts

  • Flare: M-class flares
    (≥50%)
  • Protons: Warning condition
    (increased activity)
  • Geomagnetic: Quiet
    (A<20 and K<4)
  • All quiet: False
  • Provisional SSN: 136

Solar Activity

URSIgram 2024-10-13

Solar flaring activity over the last 24 hours has been at low levels, with multiple C-class flares. The strongest flares were two C5.7 flares. The first one (SIDC Flare 2281), peaking at 20:05 UTC on October 12, was produced by SIDC Sunspot Group (SG) 279 (NOAA AR 3850, magnetic type alpha). The second (SIDC Flare 2283), peaking at 06:57 UTC on October 13, was produced by SIDC DG 217 (NOAA AR 3848, magnetic type beta-gamma). There are currently five numbered active regions on the solar disk, with SIDC SG 281 (NOAA AR 3852, magnetic type beta-delta) being the most complex one. SIDC SG 282 (NOAA AR 3853) has decayed into plage. A new, currently unnumbered active region has emerged in the northwest quadrant. The solar flaring activity is expected to be at moderate levels over the next 24 hours, with M-class flares expected and a small chance for X-class flares. A coronal mass ejection (CME) was detected in LASCO/C2 data, lifting off the west limb around 11:30 UTC on October 12. It is probably associated with flaring activity near or beyond the west limb. The CME is mostly propagating to the southwest. It is not expected to have an Earth-directed component. A partial halo CME was detected in LASCO/C2 and LASCO/C3 data at 01:21 UTC on October 13. It is probably associated with eruptive activity beyond the west limb. The CME is mostly propagating to the west, and it is not expected to have an Earth-directed component. No other Earth-directed CMEs were observed in the available coronagraph imagery. The greater than 10 MeV proton flux has decreased below the 10 pfu threshold. The greater than 10 MeV proton flux is expected to remain below the threshold for the next 24 hours, pending further eruptive activity. The greater than 2 MeV electron flux as measured by GOES 16 and GOES 18 was enhanced during the last 24 hours, approaching the threshold but remaining below it. It is expected to remain so over the next 24 hours. The 24-hour electron fluence is presently at normal levels and is expected to remain so over the next 24 hours.

Solar Wind

URSIgram 2024-10-13

Geomagnetic conditions globally over the last 24 hours have decreased from unsettled (NOAA Kp 4) to quiet (NOAA Kp 1-2). Geomagnetic conditions locally were initially at minor storm levels (K BEL 5), later decreasing to active and unsettled levels (K BEL 4 to 3) and are currently at quiet levels (K BEL 2). Mostly quiet to unsettled geomagnetic conditions are expected globally and locally in the next 24 hours. The solar wind conditions are returning to the slow solar wind regime. Speed values have decreased from around 620 km/s to 500 km/s. The interplanetary magnetic field values were mostly close to 5 nT. The Bz component varied between -3 nT and 4 nT. The interplanetary magnetic field angle was mostly in the negative sector. Mostly slow solar wind conditions are expected over the next 24 hours, with enhancements possible in case of the arrival of a mild, high-speed stream from the southern, positive polarity coronal hole that crossed the central meridian on October 10.

Research

News

X9 flare observed in LYRA Herzberg

Exceptional detection of an X9.0 flare by PROBA2/LYRA

On October 3, the Sun unleashed its most powerful eruption since 2017: a solar flare classified as X9.0 on the GOES scale, accompanied by a significant coronal mass ejection. We also observed a signal related to this flare in the Herzberg channel which is extremely rare.
X1flare

X1.8 flare and earth-directed CME

NOAA 3848 produced a long duration X1 flare early on 9 October. The associated coronal mass ejection (CME) has arrived around 14:45UTC. The severe geomagnetic storm is nearing its end. ***UPDATED (5)***
The October 2 solar eclipse observed by LYRA

The October 2 solar eclipse

After all the excitement surrounding the Great American Eclipse earlier this year, it is easy to forget that another one of these mesmerising was scheduled for the fall. The PROBA2 team prepared for special observations on October 2 when the instruments onboard had a first row seat of the eclipse.
 

Activities

Ground Observations

The SIDC monitors the level of solar activity from the photosphere to the corona with ground based instruments located in Uccle and Humain.

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Space Instruments

To avoid the disturbing or blocking effect of the Earth atmosphere, EUV observations of the solar corona need to be made from space...

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Space Weather & Climate

We monitor and forecast solar variability to provide information services  to society and industry about the influence of space weather and climate.

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Data Processing & Distribution

Data processing is necessary to extract relevant information for research studies, whereas data distribution and visualization are part of ROB open data policy.

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Modeling

Modelling of Solar phenomena allows scientists to test theories and to predict Space Weather phenomena and their impact on Earth.

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Supporting Research

The SIDC shares and expands its expertise through interaction with both upcoming and experienced researchers.

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